Chemistry
Name: Physical Chemistry of Solid-State Surface
Catalog Number: 412037Y Hours/Credits: 40/2
Prerequisite(s):
Basic Physical Chemistry; Structure Chemistry.
Course Description:
This course will serve as the core course for the graduate students with research interests in catalysis, materials chemistry and surface chemistry. It covers the basic concepts and terminology of solid-state surface. The surface structure, the composition, and the special physical and chemical properties of the solid surfaces will be discussed. Also covered, will be the modern surface analytical techniques, and the development of new concepts, new technologies and research progress in recent years. Successful completion of this course will allow the students to gain a fundamental understanding of the surfaces of solids, and employ the technical terminology to fulfill their future scientific research related to the solid-state surface.
Course Content:
Chapter 1 Introduction Surface phenomena; History of surface science; Classification of the interface; Surface processes; Basic concepts and properties of solid-state surface; Surface relaxation and reconstruction; 2D Bravais lattices; Overlayer structures and nomenclature; Miller Indices; Wood’s notation; Matrix notation. Chapter 2 Surface properties Thermodynamics of surface: Thermodynamics potentials; Surface tension; Surface free energy; Surface segregation. Dynamics at surface: Surface diffusion; Surface adsorption and desorption process; Physisorption and chemisorption. Electronic structure of surface: Surface states; Space-charge layer; Band bending. Chapter 3 Brief overview of surface analytical techniques Problems in surface detection; Requirement for the surface detection; Interaction and detection of electrons, ions, photons, atoms and molecules on solid surface. Modern surface analytical techniques; Types of surface analytical techniques; Surface preparation; Methods for cleaning surfaces; Application of surface analysis in electronics, material chemistry, and catalysis. Chapter 4 Auger Electron Spectroscopy Principle of Auger emission; Measurement of Auger electron; Energy analyzer and instrumentation; Auger depth profiling and Scanning Auger Microscopy. Chapter 5 X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy and Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy Physical principles of the photoelectron spectroscopy; Experimental details; Instrumentation; Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the surface composition; Chemical shifts; Depth profiling and angle-dependent analysis; Photo-ionization process; UPS studies the clean and adsorbate-covered surface. Chapter 6 Scanning Probe Microscopy Scanning Tunneling Microscopy; Atomic Force Microscopy and related techniques; Principles of the techniques; Instrumentation; Experimental details; Data collection and imaging analysis. Chapter 7 Transmission Electron Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy Instrumentation; Principles of the techniques; Data collection and analysis; Sample preparation. Chapter 8 Reflection-Absorption Infrared Spectroscopy and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Introduction of infrared and Raman spectroscopy; Selection rules; Physical principles of the techniques; Instrumentation; Application. Chapter 9 High Resolution Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy Principle of the technique; Instrumentation; and Application. Chapter 10 Low Energy Electron Diffraction and Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction Basic theory of the techniques; Instrumentation; Laue’s diffraction law; Reciprocal lattice; Ewald construction. Chapter 11 Ion Scattering Spectroscopy and Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy Basic theory of the techniques; Ion sputtering; Depth profiling; High surface sensitivity of ISS; Shadow effect; and Data analysis. Chapter 12 Vacuum technology Classification of the degree of vacuum; Vacuum creation by diaphragm pump, mechanical pump, diffusion pump, adsorption pump, cryopump, sputter ion pump, turbomolecular pump, and Titanium sublimation pump. Vacuum measurement: Mercury barometer, Mcleod Gauge, ion gauge, residual gas analyzer. Design; Leak detection; and Maintenance of vacuum systems.
TextBooks:
Reference:
1. G. A. Somorjai, Chemistry in Two Dimensions: Surfaces, Cornell University Press, 1981 2. G. A. Somorjai, Introduction to Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1994 3. R. P. H. Gasser, An Introduction to Chemisorption and Catalysis by Metals, Oxford Science Publications, 1985 4. G. Ertl and J. Küpper, Low Energy Electrons and Surface Chemistry, VCH, 1985 5. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 6th Ed., 1986 6. A. W. Adamson and A. P. Gast, Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, 6th Edition, Wiley-Interscience, 1997 7. R. I. Masel, Principles of Adsorption and Reaction on Solid Surfaces, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1996 8. D. P. Woodruff and T. A. Delchar, Modern Techniques of Surface Science, Cambridge, 1986 9. D. Briggs and M. P. Seah, Practical Surface Analysis, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1983